On-Line Primary Sources

There are several web sites, usually linked with universities and other academic institutions, that contain full-text primary sources.  This is by no means a complete list, but it contains a number of sites devoted to Central Europe.  I have concentrated on English-language sources, but some foreign-language material appears as well.  There also is some historic footage on the Miscellaneous Film Clips page of this site.


Sources Mainly in English

Afghanistan Papers -- https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2019/investigations/afghanistan-papers/documents-database/
In December 2019, The Washington Post won a three-year court battle to release 611 documents, representing more than 2,000 pages, about the lengthy war in Afghanistan.  The documents show the American government's effort to deceive the public about the war, adding more evidence to what I convey to my students: governments, even democratic ones, can and do lie to their citizens.

American Archive of Public Broadcasting -- https://americanarchive.org/#special-collections
This website is a cooperative effort of WGBH and the Library of Congress to preserve content that public television and radio created over the years.  The website has a search engine and includes a number of featured collections.

American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee -- http://archives.jdc.org/sharedlegacy/
The Joint provided relief during and after the Holocaust, and this site contains a searchable name data base, names, documents, and photographs.

Avalon Project, Documents in Law, History and Diplomacy, Yale University -- http://avalon.law.yale.edu/default.asp

Carolina-Duke Program in German Studies -- http://carolina-duke-grad.german.duke.edu/
Helpful for finding primary sources in German and English is the program's resource page, which is through the Duke University Library at http://guides.library.duke.edu/carolina_duke_german.

Central Intelligence Agency, Washington, DC -- https://www.cia.gov/index.html

This is a massive trove of documents that the CIA released in early 2017 (13 million pages as of January 2017).  It includes any declassified materials that are at least 25 years old. The documents were available earlier, but researchers had to travel to the National Archives in College Park, MD.  A law suit by Muckrock, under the Freedom of Information Act, forced the CIA to place the records on line.  See https://www.muckrock.com/news/archives/2016/dec/14/lawsuit-cia-crest/.

Documents the CIA occasionally releases in electronic form are available in the various sections of its "Library" web page: https://www.cia.gov/library/index.html.


President's Daily Briefs (PDB) for the administrations of Richard M. Nixon and Gerald R. Ford, Jr., 1969-1977:
Portal -- https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/presidents-daily-brief (click on “view all PDB documents)

Chicago Institute of Art -- https://www.artic.edu/
Artworks from the museum's collection in digital form -- https://www.artic.edu/collection

Czechoslovak Studies Association, Documents on Czech, Slovak, Czechoslovak, and Bohemian History -- http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/eglassheim/CHC/documents.htm

Darwin Correspondence Project -- http://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/darwin-hooker-letters
This website contains the 1,400 letters between Charles Darwin (1809-1882) and his closest friend, the botanist Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817-1911).

EuroDocs: Online Sources for European History, Brigham Young University -- http://eudocs.lib.byu.edu/index.php/Main_Page

European History Primary Sources, European University Institute, Department of History and Civilization -- http://primary- sources.eui.eu/

Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Black-and-White Negatives--http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/fsa and http://photogrammar.yale.edu/.
The Library of Congress and Yale University have created a website that allows viewers to see photographs from the Great Depression in the United States along with pinpointing their location.  For an explanation of the project, see http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2014/08/seeing-the-great-depression/379238/.

First World War, National Archives (United Kingdom) -- http://nationalarchives.gov.uk/first-world-war/
This website includes army war diaries of 1914 to 1922, more information for which is available at http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/records/war-diaries-ww1.htm.  An NPR article about the digitization effort is at http://www.npr.org/blogs/parallels/2014/01/23/264532419/from-the-trenches-to-the-web-british-wwi-diaries-digitized?utm_medium=Email&utm_source=DailyDigest&utm_campaign=20140123.  Many other digitized files, like "Spies of the First World War," are available in the National Archive's "First World War 100" that is available at http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/first-world-war/.

Fordham University, Internet History Sourcebooks Project -- http://www.fordham.edu/Halsall/index.asp
The sources on this site cover world history and are sorted into several categories.  According to the introduction, the web site is “designed to provide easy access to primary sources and other teaching materials in a non-commercial environment.”

Full Text Reports -- http://fulltextreports.com/
According to the website, is "a top-tier research professional's hand-picked selection of documents from academe, corporations, government agencies, interest groups, NGOs, professional societies, research institutes, think tanks, trade associations, and more."  Scroll down to see options for documents regarding individual countries.

German History in Documents and Images, German Historical Institute -- http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/

German Propaganda Archive, Calvin College -- http://research.calvin.edu/german-propaganda-archive/
Covering the period of the Weimar Republic through the German Democratic Republic, this site contains all sorts of edited and translated propaganda materials.

Habsburg Source Text Archive -- http://www.h-net.org/~habsweb/sourcetexts/

Hanover Historical Texts Collection -- http://history.hanover.edu/project.php
The historians at Hanover College in Indiana have compiled primary sources in English about all continents for their students and have made them available on the Internet.

Hoover Institution -- https://www.hoover.org/

Internet Medieval Sourcebook, Fordham University -- http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook.html

Internet Modern History Sourcebook, Fordham University -- http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/modsbook.html

Jewish Virtual Library -- http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/index.html
This site contains both primary and secondary sources related to Israel, the Middle East, and Jewish culture.

Library of Congress -- https://www.loc.gov/
Revelations from the Russian Archives -- http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/intro.html -- This site contains translated documents from Soviet history from 1917 to 1991.


Making the History of 1989 -- http://chnm.gmu.edu/1989/
The Center for History & New Media hosts this site, which includes documents and teaching aids about life under Communism in Eastern Europe before the 1989 revolutions.

National Security Archive -- http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/
Anatoly S. Chernyaev (head of the International Department, Central Committee of the CPSU), 1975 -- http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB516-Anatoly-Chernyaev-Diary-1975-Uncertainty-Detente-Brezhnev/

"NATO Expansion: What Gorbachev Heard" -- https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/russia-programs/2017-12-12/nato-expansion-what-gorbachev-heard-western-leaders-early

“NATO Expansion: What Yeltsin Heard” -- https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/russia-programs/2018-03-16/nato-expansion-what-yeltsin-heard

Messages and Responses (communication from the Department of State’s Dissent Channel–background at https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/foia/2018-03-15/department-states-dissent-channel-revealed) -- https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu//dc.html?doc=4412301-20160433DOS127-Nsa

"The Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan, 1979" -- https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/afghanistan-russia-programs/2019-01-29/soviet-invasion-afghanistan-1979-not-trumps-terrorists-nor-zbigs-warm-water-ports.

Contained in these eight volumes (in 12 books) is the evidence the American and British prosecutors used while preparing for the Nuremberg Trials.

Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty -- http://www.rferl.org/
The "Archive" section has links to primary-source news material on broadcasts to and from Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union during the cold war.

Soviet Music -- http://www.sovmusic.ru/english/index.php
This site includes a large number of musical selections glorifying the Red Army, speeches of famous individuals, various other sound clips, and more than two dozen versions of The Internationale.

University of Wisconsin Digital Collections (see sample collections below) -– http://uwdc.library.wisc.edu/collections
Foreign Relations of the United States -– http://uwdc.library.wisc.edu/collections/FRUS
German Studies Collection -– http://uwdc.library.wisc.edu/collections/German
Historical Research in Europe: A Guide to Archives and Libraries -– http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/HistResEur/
History Collection -– http://uwdc.library.wisc.edu/collections/History
History of Science and Technology -– http://uwdc.library.wisc.edu/collections/HistSciTech
Human Ecology Collection -– http://uwdc.library.wisc.edu/collections/HumanEcol
Ibero-American Electronic Text Series -– http://uwdc.library.wisc.edu/collections/IbrAmerTxt
Icelandic Online Dictionary and Readings -– http://uwdc.library.wisc.edu/collections/IcelOnline
Mills Music Library Digital Collections -– http://uwdc.library.wisc.edu/collections/MillsSpColl

Wikileaks -- http://wikileaks.org/
Of great importance to those specializing in recent history and political science are the 251,287 leaked United States embassy cables.  The correspondence for Slovakia (cables from 2004-2010) and the Czech Republic (cables from 1989-2010), for example, amount to more than 1200 for each country and cover a variety of topics concerning foreign and domestic affairs.

Woodrow Wilson Center, Cold War International History Project -- http://legacy.wilsoncenter.org/coldwarfiles/index.html
Links to various primary sources appear on the first page of the web site and on subsequent pages.  The Cold War International History Project, which publishes a Bulletin and other primary sources, is at http://www.wilsoncenter.org/program/cold-war-international-history-project.

World War I Document Archive hosted at Brigham Young University -- http://wwi.lib.byu.edu/index.php/Main_Page

World War II Air Corps Newsletter and Air Force Newsletter (1940-1944) -- http://www.paperlessarchives.com/wwii-air-force-news-letter.html

Zionism and Israel Information Center -- http://www.zionism-israel.com/
Particularly useful on this web site are the historical documents located at http://www.zionism-israel.com/zionism_documents.htm.


Sources in Czech and Slovak

Československé dokumentační středisko -- http://www.csds.cz/cs/facetedBrowser/dsDocuments?activeNavPath=/dokumenty
A variety of documents related to the resistance to the Communist regime from 1945 to 1989 are available at this site.

Masarykův ústav a archiv AV ČR, v.v.i. -- http://www.mua.cas.cz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=142&Itemid=11&lang=en
The Masaryk Institute and Archive has posted a digital version of the journal Čas as well as photographs of Tomáš G. Masaryk and Edvard Beneš.

Ministerstvo vnitra, Sbírka zákonů a Sbírka mezinárodních smluv -- http://aplikace.mvcr.cz/archiv2008/sbirka/
Available on this site are laws of the Czech Republic from 1945 to 2008.

Národní archiv -- http://www.nacr.cz/
The home page of the National Archive in Prague has a few links to digital primary sources.

Národní knihovna ČR -- http://www.nkp.cz/
There are several links with primary sources in the drop-down menu titled Digitální knihovna.  One is the Kamerius project at http://kramerius.nkp.cz/kramerius/Welcome.do?lang=cs that is placing on line digital copies of periodicals and monographs in the National Library in Prague.  The files contain eight million scanned pages.  A plug-in is necessary for viewing.  There are maps from throughout the world at http://www.manuscriptorium.com/index.php?q=content/digitised-maps-holdings-national-library-czech-republic in the Manuscriptorium collection.

Národní muzeum -- http://www.nm.cz/

The Archive of the National Museum is at http://www.nm.cz/Historicke-muzeum/Oddeleni-HM/Archiv-Narodniho-muzea/.  Both the České muzeum hudby and the Náprstkovo muzeum are part of the National Museum.

Parlament České republiky digitalní repozitář, Společná česko-slovenská digitální parlamentní knihovna -- http://www.psp.cz/sqw/hp.sqw?k=82
This site contains digital copies from the eleventh century related to the Kingdom of Bohemia as well as parliamentary documents from Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic.

Ústav pro českou literaturu -- http://archiv.ucl.cas.cz/index.php
This site contains digitized copies of important Czech newspapers and journals, including Literární noviny, Rudé právo, Světozor, and Zlatá Praha.

www.zakon.sk -- http://www.zakon.sk/Main/lwDefault.aspx?Template=lwTArticles.ascx&phContent=%7E/ZzSR/lwFulltext.ascx
Laws of the Slovak Republic are located at this site and are available at no cost.


Sources in German

DRQEdit (Deutschsprachige Rechtsquellen in digitaler Edition) -- http://drw-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/drqedit/
This site contains legal documents and related writings from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries pertaining to the German cultural sphere.


Please report any broken links to miller-dem@CentralEuropeanObserver.com.